Motivation and Job Satisfaction

In today’s hyper-competitive marketplace, understanding what fosters and forwards employee motivation—and, thus, organizational performance—is critical. Based on theories, studies, best practices, case studies and resources about motivation, this solutions-focused research article presents valuable information for the senior HR leader seeking competitive advantage. Introduction In today’s marketplace, where companies seek a competitive edge, motivation is key for talent retention and performance. No matter the economic environment, the goal is to create a workplace that is engaging and motivating, where employees want to stay, grow and contribute their knowledge, experience and expertise. Motivation is generally defined as the psychological forces that determine the direction of a person’s level of effort, as well as a person’s persistence in the face of obstacles. The direction of a person’s behavior refers to the many possible actions that a person could engage in, while persistence refers to whether, when faced with roadblocks and obstacles, an individual keeps trying or gives up. The responsibility for motivation is three-fold: it falls on the senior leadership, the direct manager and the employee. Numerous factors are involved, from trust, engagement and values (individual and organizational) to job satisfaction, achievement, acknowledgement and rewards. Motivation is essential for working autonomously, as well as for collaboration and effective teamwork. The ultimate focus of the organization is to successfully retain talent, meet goals and go beyond expectations. It is the role of HR and organizational leaders to foster an environment for excellence. Through a foundation of research, theory, studies and practical examples, this article addresses the questions of what motivates employees, what managers need to do, and what supports motivation and, thus, performance. What Influences Motivation? Motivating employees for better performance encompasses these critical factors: employee engagement, Organizational vision and values, management acknowledgment and appreciation of work well done, and overall authenticity of leadership. Chana Anderson, CCP, SPHR-CA, director of HR and a member of the SHRM Employee Relations Special Expertise Panel, says that motivation is influenced equally by the employee and the company: â€Å"Motivation and engagement is truly a 50-50 relationship between the employee and employer. Employees are expected to come to the workplace with the intrinsic motivation and desire to be successful, be value-added and contribute to the obtainment of an employer’s vision. Conversely, it is incumbent upon the employer to provide resources, opportunities, recognition and a cohesive work environment for employees to be successful. Employee Engagement Engagement influences motivation. It is reflected in the extent to which employees commit, how hard they work and how long they stay. People join organizations for different reasons, motivated by intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. Intrinsic rewards are reflected in actions believed to be important. Examples include an employee who wants to help people by providing excellent customer service or a senior manager who gains a sense of accomplishment from overseeing a large corporation. Intrinsic outcomes include responsibility, autonomy, feelings of accomplishment and the pleasure of doing interesting work. Extrinsic-motivated behavior includes actions performed with the goal to have material or social rewards, with outcomes such as job security, benefits, vacation time and public recognition. It is the responsibility of managers to motivate employees, with the goal for employees to contribute to the organization. Managers can best motivate employees by offering rewards that are meaningful to them. Vision and Values Employees are often motivated differently. To develop a work environment that promotes motivation, organizations need to know what is important to their employees and then to emphasize these factors. In fact, some companies and researchers are beginning to look at â€Å"work spirituality†Ã¢â‚¬â€not in a religious sense, but in a sense that what an employee does aligns with his or her greater sense of life and purpose. Aside from monetary gain, work provides people with fulfillment on various levels, from earning a living and â€Å"doing good work† to aspiring to a vision and ultimately having an impact on the quality of life. These reasons can change over time in response to changes in people’s home life and responsibilities. Further, in response to drastic economic changes and natural disasters, companies can change over time as well. Management Acknowledgment and Appreciation How employees are treated is a strong determinant of employee motivation and performance. Edward E. Lawler III, author and consultant for human resource management, emphasizes that â€Å"treating people right is fundamental to creating organizational effectiveness and success. It is also easier said than done. † According to Lawler, this includes â€Å"a highly complex set of actions on the part of both organizations and employees. Organizations must develop ways to treat their employees so that they are motivated and satisfied; employees must behave in ways to help their organizations become effective and high-performing. † This winning combination for performance requires a partnership between the organization and the employees. Lawler states: â€Å"One can’t succeed without the other. To provide people with meaningful work and rewards, organizations need to be successful. And to be successful, organizations need high-performing individuals. The challenge is to design organizations that perform at high levels and treat people in ways that are rewarding and satisfying. To describe this mutually beneficial relationship, Lawler uses the term virtuous spiral, a relationship that occurs when the organization values its employees, and in return, workers are committed to high performance. Leadership and Making a Difference In today’s pressure-cooker environment, performance is carefully noted at all levels of the organization. No matter an individual’s title, everyone has the opportunity to lead in some capacity and have a positive impact on performance. Understanding the value that can be achieved through different roles is one way of providing motivation, performance and thus leadership skills. A recent article published on [email  protected], titled â€Å"Putting a Face to a Name: The Art of Motivating Employees,† emphasizes that workers have better results when they can identify with those they serve. Specifically, face-to-face interactions and task significance (â€Å"what I do makes a difference†) are key drivers for motivation and performance. Research by Adam Grant, Ph. D. , a Wharton management professor, indicates that making human connections is critical for motivation, leadership and high job performance. He found that face-to-face interactions—no matter how superficial—can lead to significant improvements in performance, and that motivation and performance increase simply by an employee’s awareness of the impact of his or her job on others. Dr. Grant has observed this result through studies of all types of jobs and roles in the workplace, from customer service representatives, managers, nurses, doctors and medical technicians to security guards, engineers, salespeople, police officers and fire fighters—based on when people can directly see the impact of their efforts. Mini Case Study In a study published in the Journal of Applied Psychology, Dr. Grant found that lifeguards at a community recreation center who read about how their ability to avoid fatalities made a difference were stronger leaders/performers. Their work improved by 40% in contrast to lifeguards who merely learned that lifeguarding can be personally enriching. Grant points out that in today’s economy, where work is often virtual without the end user physically present, â€Å"it is important for employers to build in systems that reinforce employees’ awareness of whom they are helping. 6 As HR leaders work on processes and systems designed to improve motivation and performance, it is important to be cognizant of the issue of technology and how it can create distance between employees and the end users of their work. Dr. Grant suggests that focus on the mission of the organization is one way to overcome the challenge of a virtual workplace and lack of direct interaction and is a successful strategy for creating the energy for motivation necessary to achieve high performance and quality of service. Leadership for Motivation To reach the hearts and minds of employees, leaders need to be authentic with an impelling vision. It is exceedingly important for a leader of any organization to communicate his or her vision constantly to ensure that there is no doubt about the direction a team is heading,† says Ken Blanchard, world-renowned management coach. He emphasizes: â€Å"One of the most destructive traits a leader can have today is arrogance—acting like you’ve got it together all the time. On the other hand, one of the most endearing qualities a leader can have is to be in touch with his or her vulnerability. It’s that side of a leader that keeps the vision from crumbling under the pressure of circumstance. 7 In addition, leaders need to connect the organization’s vision and values to the employees’ day-to-day work and help them see how the work they do every day connects to the bigger picture. The 2009 study Best Companies for Leadership conducted by Bloomberg BusinessWeek. com and the Hay Group reveals that leading companies were focused on leadership even during the recent economic downtown. This annual study ranks the best companies for leadership and examines how they develop leaders. The 2009 study found a shift in what the top 20 leading organizations value regarding leadership. Specifically, the most valued qualities in leaders are strategic thinking and inspiring leadership. In a press release, John Larrere, national director of Hay Group’s Leadership and Talent Practice, and co-leader of the Best Companies for Leadership Study, stated: â€Å"For organizations to succeed, they will need to understand what key leadership elements are paramount in driving their organizations toward growth. It’s more than just getting people to produce the right outcomes. It’s about getting them to be passionate about their work and grooming them to handle the challenges ahead. The Best Companies for Leadership have figured this out. According to this study, companies are now focusing their efforts on positioning for the future. To do so, 94% of the best companies have leadership development programs to enable employees to deliver on goals/strategies, 90% provide all employees with the opportunity to develop and practice the capabilities needed to lead others, and 87% have a sufficient number of internal candidates ready to assume open leadership positions. In fact, 94% of the best companies actively manage a pool of successors for mission-critical roles, 83% invest a great deal in their people, and 80% promote growth opportunities. In addition, 95% use corporate social responsibility to recruit employees, 66% have a high proportion of women in senior leadership, 91% make it easy for people to work from home, and 91% have an appreciation of global issues as a key job requirement. Finally, the best companies for leadership focus on employee engagement through commitment and discretionary effort and on employee enablement, with optimized roles and a supportive environment, leading to financial success, customer satisfaction and employee performance—all to drive organizational performance. In today’s economy, leaders need to be mindful of economic pressures when looking for ways to motivate employees. Some organizations find cost-effective ways to provide opportunities through â€Å"developmental assignments,† where people can grow their skills in other areas to be ready for promotions when they may occur. A good manager will take the time to consider ways to motivate employees, whether performance levels are good or need improvement. For the leader, it is beneficial to take a step back and consider, on a personal level, what is motivating oneself. Important questions to ask are: 1) what are your own values; 2) what keeps you motivated; 3) how are your own engagement levels; 4) are you committed to the values of your company; and 5) do you take pride in your work and in your organization? By taking the time to examine these questions and thoughtfully answer them, a leader can gain a refreshed and even enlightened viewpoint to perform better—both for him/herself and for his or her staff—and be able to better optimize for improvement. By identifying three areas that need most attention, for example, a leader can develop a plan and put it into action. Employees need to have acknowledgment and respect and know that their contributions are valued. It cannot be stressed enough how demotivating it can be when managers do not recognize, acknowledge or appreciate employees and their hard work. Two strategies that can help motivate employees are 1) to provide training (including current job, new technologies and the ability to keep up with changes in the employees’ areas of expertise) and 2) promotional opportunities (promote from within). Positive and supportive leadership clearly makes the difference for an engaged and motivated workforce. In an interview with Hospitals and Health Networks, Jo Manion, R. N. , Ph. D. , points to the bottom line for hospital and patient care, as outlined in her book, The Engaged Workforce: Proven Strategies to Build a Positive Health Care Workforce. 12 Since excellent health care is critical for everyone at different points in life, employee motivation that results in excellent patient care is one example of motivation that all can relate to on personal and professional levels.

Fact or fiction Essay

Overtime, tales of the most miniscule historic characters have been slowly distorted into tales of gigantic warriors and near perfect individuals. For instance, stories of Jesus Christ from the bible have always caused people to necessitate an image of purity and selflessness, however, newly discovered testaments are beginning to establish a love affair with a women, whom produced children: living descendants of Jesus Christ. This is just one of many examples that have been continually misrepresented throughout history. Additionally, this raises questions as to whom are the real iconic figures that have shaped our memoirs. One of the model Americans is Robert E. Lee, a timeless figure of American history that has widely been altered in various publications, however, what will remained unchanged is that Robert E. Lee is the true symbol of southern Americanism of his time. BACKGROUND Son of Ann Hill Carter, a wealthy successor of Scottish Royalty, and Harry Lee, an attractive commander in the Revolutionary War, Robert Edward Lee was born in Virginia’s Westmoreland County on January 19th, 1807. Ann Hill Carter married Harry Lee and produced 5 children during their marriage while Harry was governor of Virginia. Throughout the course of their marriage, Harry began drowning the family in debt, thus rendering Robert to take on as head of the household while his father remained unwilling to stop his overzealous spending habits and relentless affairs with other women. It is undoubted that Robert was the favorite of his mother’s children, thus giving him the authority to make decisions as head of the household and care for his mother. â€Å"As sometimes happens, the good son strove to be all that his father was not. When Anne was lonely he kept her company; when she was sick he nursed her; in his teens he helped manage the household. His father had been reckless and unfaithful† (Epstein 23). After years of frivolous spending, thus spiraling the family into debt, Harry Lee fled the country and settled in the West Indies where he lived out the rest of his days. Nonetheless, Ann Carter continued to use the remainder of her bequest to support her children. Lacking the money needed to attend a university, Robert applied to West point and was granted admittance in 1829. Shortly thereafter, Lee also attended the U. S. Military Academy and graduated with honors. Due to various scandals that surrounded Roberts family, such as his father’s abandonment and his older brother Henry’s murderous scandal involving Henry’s sister-in -law, whom he seduced and produced a child with thus giving him the nickname ’black horse’, it was not easy for Robert to find a companion for himself. Nonetheless, Robert married Mary Anna Randolph Custis in 1831 and together they produced 7 children. From thereon, Lee earned recognition for his role as engineer in the construction of the St. Louis Harbor, as well as his is prevailing military operations in the Mexican War. As a Virginian aristocrat, Robert Lee was already accustomed to the ethics behind slavery, consequently, when his father-in-law, George Washington Custis became ill, Lee took leadership in the distribution of slaves to corresponding plantations. It was Lee’s understanding that slaves were the foundation of the south, in which many products of labor were necessary for financial survival. This stance was the drive in Robert Lee’s struggle to maintain the south that he had become habituated to. Although the Lee-Custis families remained relatively respectful and kind to slave families throughout the years, during his leadership in the Civil War, his comportment turned from reverential to malicious. Elizabeth Brown Pryor states that â€Å" Lee rented out so many hands that the black community at Arlington was badly fragmented. The youngest and strongest were chosen to be hired away because they brought in the greatest revenue†¦. Worst of all, Lee ruptured the Washington and Custis tradition of respecting slave families. By 1860 he had broken up every family but one on the estate† (Nolan 24). In addition to this testimony, there are scores of other attests to Lee’s brutal violence towards slaves as well. Although modern Lee patriots have highly scrutinized these testaments, they have been corroborated with consistent authentic eye witness accounts found in various writings. Nevertheless, Lee has been noted for his leadership during the Mexican War in as well as his achievements and calamities during the Civil War. Well educated, yet incapable to produce a strategic victory, Lee is doubtless renowned for his defeat at Gettysburg. â€Å"The disaster at Gettysburg highlights Lee’s chief shortcoming as a strategist, his lack of the political instinct–in the strictest sense, a sagacity in working with men. Lee was so rigid in his devotion to a hierarchy that he held most of his generals at a distance, often keeping them in the dark or ignoring their advice. Meanwhile he went groveling to Jefferson Davis and the Confederate government for guns, food, and uniforms–as if he were scarcely worthy–when he should have demanded the essential materiel, without which his soldiers stood in peril† (Epstein 23). After his military command, Lee retreated back to his home in Virginia, where he died in 1870 at the age of 63. LITERATURE REVIEW Rationalizing realism versus simulated characteristics of Robert Lee begins with previous analysis. Robert E. Lee was born in1807, thus leaving the impossibility of retrieving factual information from the primary source. Consequently, interpretation of fact from fiction lies within previous texts and comparison of those texts against each other. Many contemporary authors such as Carl Moneyhon report that â€Å"In his foreword, the editor of this collection of articles justifies this volume as an effort to break away from the paradigm of scholarship that has produced what he considers to be a stale rehashing of arguments over the merits of the generalship of Robert E. Lee. The core of the interpretive problem, in Peter S. Carmichael’s view, is the tendency of many recent studies to begin with assumptions based upon generalizations made over seventy years ago in Douglas Southall Freeman’s works, then to use Freeman’s own evidence to challenge his conclusions Carmichael suggests that a new scholarship might emerge if scholars return to primary Lee-related manuscript sources. The six articles that follow are unified by that effort, beginning with the contemporary Lee rather than the Lee created by Freeman† (777). Moneyhon’s elucidation of other author’s works display the bias between authors, most of which erratically render Lee as the patron saint of the south. Many publications regarding Lee have rendered him as somewhat mythological, while others have painted him as a failing general, one whom orchestrated many mistakes. According to Alan T. Nolan, â€Å"There is little need to belabor the fact of Lee’s heroic, almost superhuman, national stature, which has steadily enlarged since the war years. Writing in 1868, Fanny Dowling described Lee as ‘bathed in the white light which falls directly upon him from the smile of an approving and sustaining God† (4-5). Many Lee loyalist have portrayed him as a god-like creature, attaining purity and perfection, however, others deemed him anything but. Regarding the issue of slavery, despite its unethical perspective, as a Virginian aristocrat, Lee was accustomed to slavery for all of his life, however, considering his reverential conduct towards slaves before the war, it is alarming that Lee’s behavior took such an impulsive change during and after the war. For instance, despite praises of loyalty and kindness in respect to slaves under Lee’s orders since his attainment of George Washington Custis’s estate, narratives of harsh lashings and slave separation from their families are mottled through historical accounts of Lee’s alleged generosity and empathy. Epstein states that â€Å"Because the Custis will entailed that land should be sold to pay debts and legacies, and did not state that such obligations should take precedence over freeing the slaves, Lee’s conduct is disturbing. Even more chilling is the 1859 testimony of one Wesley Norris, a slave who ran away from Arlington with his sister Mary to Westminster, Maryland. They were caught and imprisoned, and returned in chains. When Lee asked why they had run away, Norris said that they believed they were free. Lee replied that ‘he would teach us a lesson we would never forget. ’ Leading them to the barn, he gave orders to his overseer McQuinn to strip the slaves to the waists, tie them to posts, and apply fifty lashes to the man and twenty to the girl. When McQuinn refused to take up the lash, ‘Dick Williams, a county constable was called in, who gave us the number of lashes ordered; Lee, in the meantime, stood by, and frequently enjoined Williams to ‘lay it on well. ’ When Williams was done, Lee ordered the overseer to wash the bleeding slaves with brine (24). Many Lee scholars do not like to explore the possibility that Lee was cruel towards slaves as this attribute disrupts the harmony of assimilated perfection of Lee’s character, however, these accounts of vindictiveness reassure Lee’s less god-like capabilities. Additionally, in with regard to military expertise, Lee scholars are divided as well on this issue concluding that most of Lee’s military career is focused around the failure of Civil War expeditions, while others concur that Lee exerted the symbol of a genuine confederate liberator. It is undisputed that Lee was very well educated and skilled in military delegations, however, most of Lee’s military career is focused around the failure of thus overshadowing the more positive aspects of his military career. In the Battle of Gettysburg, Lee was very careless thus ruining the lives of the men in his regime. Ballard states that â€Å"Lee could have and should have won† (948). Lee carelessly destroyed his regime during the Battle of Gettysburg, by not waiting for incoming supplies that were to be given to his regime’s depleted arsenal. His soldiers were starved and malnutrition and did not have the proper weaponry for combat, thus presenting an easy victory for the union. (Adams 66). Moreover, despite how conflicting accounts represent Lee, most scholars such as Gallagher agree that â€Å"In a conflict often characterized, whether accurately or not, as the first great modern war, the Confederate commander frequently appears as a soldier of considerable martial gifts who harkened back to an earlier time. Lee is cast as a man who thought of the struggle in terms of protecting his own state rather advancing the cause of the entire Confederacy, forged a personal bond with his soldiers reminiscent of feudal relationships, focused on winning set-piece battles without taking in the broader political and social landscape of a modern war, and failed to understood the implications of new weaponry such as the rifle-musket† (295). Most importantly is to include the feelings of others that admired Lee from enemy lines as those of the North. Although commonly, enemies do not sing the praises of each other, this is not the case in those towards Lee. In fact, many northerners admired lee for a number of reasons as is told as such: â€Å"He possessed every virtue of other great commanders without their vices. He was a foe without hate; a friend without treachery; a soldier without cruelty; a victor without oppression; and a victim without murmuring. He was a public officer without vices; a private citizen without wrong; a neighbor without reproach; a Christian without hypocrisy and a man without guile. He was a Caesar without his ambition; Frederick without his tyranny; Napoleon without his selfishness; and Washington without his reward. He was obedient to authority as a servant, and royal in authority as a true king. He was gentle as a woman in life; modest and pure as a virgin in thought; watchful as a Roman vestal in duty; submissive to law as Socrates; and grand in battle as Achilles† (Warrior and Gentleman’s Gentleman 39). Although this excerpt seems a little over dramatized, it does reflect Lee’s impinge on realistic people versus overly inflated scholarly accounts, thus rendering Lee as a true individual of his time. CONCLUSION In conclusion, Robert Edward Lee, born in 1807 to Ann Hill Carter, wealthy Scottish heiress, and Harry Lee, the former Virginia Governor. Whilst his family endured many problematic episodes, including financial hardships despite their mother’s dwindled fortune due to his fathers erratic spending habits, and his brothers Henry’s alleged murder of his illegitimate child, Lee prevailed in most of his endeavors, including his role in the Mexican War. However, undisputable evidence exhibits the differentiating portrayals of General Robert Edward Lee. Many scholars initiate depictions of a true southern liberator to maintain the south as it was during the early 1800s, whilst others disagree as to the true characteristics of Lee as much less than pure and holy. Nonetheless, both portions of testaments enable the true disposition of Robert Lee as he was. For instance, as a Victorian aristocrat, Lee understood the ethics of labor that slavery entailed, however, Lee’s attitude changed throughout the course of the war. Instead of maintaining the healthy relationships between slaves and Lee, he separated the families and also assisted in harsh beating of slaves, thus severing the once tight-knit relationship between the two. Also, in terms of Lee’s military endeavors, Lee was skilled, however, mostly unprepared for his battles in the Civil War. For example, in the Battle of Gettysburg, Lee was strategically unprepared for the battle, consequently costing the confederate army its most important mission. However, this did not deterred Lee from admitting his faults for his role in losing the battle, which shoes humility for his wins and losses. Finally after many interpretations of literary works, the true formation of Robert E. Lee is quite clear. A Victorian aristocrat he was, accustomed to the south as it was and its dependence on slavery, he maintained humility, strength, and most of all, leadership. Lee was not pure, nor holy, however, he was a man of God, family, and campaign for the southern beliefs, and he preserved those relationships simultaneously. WORKS CITED Adams, Michael C. C. :Review Essay: Robert E. Lee and Perspective over Time. † Civil War History. 49 (2003): 64-70. Ballard, Michael B. â€Å"Robert E. Lee: Icon for a Nation. † Journal of Southern History. 76 (2006): 947-949. Epstein, Daniel M. â€Å"Who Cares about Robert E. Lee. † New Criterion Sept. 2007: 22+. Gallagher, Gary W. â€Å"An Old-Fashioned Soldier in a Modern War Robert E. Lee as Confederate General†. Civil War History. 45(1999): 295. Lee, Robert E. Recollections and Letters of General Robert E. Lee . Westminster, 1904. Moneyhon, Carl H. â€Å"Audacity Personified: The Generalship of Robert E. Lee† The Historian. 67 (2005): 777-780. Nolan, Alan T. Lee Considered: General Robert E. Lee and Civil War History. North Carolina: North Carolina Press, 1991. â€Å"Robert E. Lee. † UXL Newsmakers. (2005): Find Articles. 28 Feb. 2008 `. â€Å"Warrior and Gentleman’s Gentleman: Despite Being a Battle-Hardened General, Robert E. Lee Never Lost His Most Admirable Trait His Devotion to God, Friends, Duty, and Honor. † The New American. 23 July 2007: 33- 39.

American Literature Essay

The authors use symbolism to Illustrate their idea of desolation. In â€Å"A Noiseless Patient Spider†, Whitman uses a deserted spider to portray the soul as a hopeless being desperately searching for an anchor. While Dickinson uses a still body to portray the soul as elapses and unable connect with the outside world.In Whitman poem â€Å"A Noiseless Patient Spider†, the author uses a deserted spider to portray the desolation of the soul. In my opinion, the setting strictly illustrates an idea of deservedness and the feeling of loneliness. This is shown when it is said of the spider: â€Å"l mark's, where, on a little promontory, it stood, isolated;† (Whitman line 2). The spider is set on a high place overseeing it's vast surroundings yet Is unable to spot any Indication of life. This shows that the soul, much Like the spider, Is In a state of exaltation but still has a feeling of loneliness.Even though the spider Is on a ‘promontory' It still tries to reac h out to the vacant unknown In desperate hope of touching or even connecting with something. It's almost as if Whitman is saying that the soul, in comparison to the spider, longs for some type of acknowledgement. In Emily Dickinson poem â€Å"l heard a Fly buzz†, the poet uses a still body to portray the soul as helpless and unable to connect with the outside world. It becomes clear why Dickinson would choose to design the soul as in a helpless state because when you closely examine her era you can observe that women were not given much accreditation and merit.Her gender was looked at and even treated as helpless because women In her time and society were not for recognized for being Intelligent and making rational decisions. In the poem Dickinson Is faced with a lot of adversity but reports no Indication of retaliating. For example, she was unable to react when â€Å"There Interposed a Fly – † (Dickinson line 12) to Interfere In her observations. She was also h elpless when â€Å"l willed my Keepsakes – Signed away† (Dickinson line 121 even when her belongings where being distributed there was nothing she could do r say.One of the things that contributed to Dickinson helplessness is her inability to connect with the outside world. Dickinson herself lived a very secluded life. Poets. Org states that â€Å"Throughout her life, she seldom left her home and visitors were few. † So it becomes easy to see why it was so hard to relay her feelings and objections to the people that surrounded her deathbed in the poem. Conclusively, the venture of the soul can sometimes be a desolate pilgrimage. The two authors Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson both Illustrate the barren soul in heir consecutive poems â€Å"A Noiseless Patient Spider† and â€Å"l heard a Fly buzz†.The two poems present the soul as empty vessels awaiting to be connected to some type of delve existence. In Whitman poem, he uses a deserted spider to po rtray the desolation of the soul. Whitman uses a setting which illustrates an idea of to portray the soul as helpless and unable to connect with the outside world. She inputs a lot of her life situations into her character, such as her prohibited contribution to society due to her gender and her preferred removal from her community.

Energy resource challenge Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Energy resource challenge - Research Paper Example It has always been a challenge to people the control of pollution non-renewable resources bring. Also, scientists are trying their best to find out the probable ways to reduce the global warming caused by the non-renewable resources usage. Renewable energy is the naturally replenished energy that comes from the environment. It includes energy coming from the sun as well as from the wind. One of the most recognized models of the renewable energy source is called Wind Turbines. This machine gets energy from the wind because of its rotating part. It can be segregated into two – machine that makes use of the energy directly and machine that converts energy to electricity. The former is called Windmill while the later is a Wind Generator. Aside from wind source, solar cells are also an efficient supply that became accessible to homeowners as Scientists consider that the technology will be competitive (Berg, n.d.). It is known that solar energy can be obtained through radiation. Photovoltaics and heat engines are just some techniques used to extract energy from the sun. In a photovoltaics method, electricity is produced by converting the sun’s radiation with the use of semiconductors. Thus, letting the electri city flow and be obtained. Aside from the mentioned renewable energy sources, an alcohol can also be a form of energy source. Ethanol can be naturally produced from sunlight. The production is possible through the process called Photosynthesis that brings about feedstock. Last but not the least, there is Hydropower. Water energy can also be obtained and be gathered through hydroelectric dams. There are now available alternative resources of energy. However, the question that still remains is on the reliability of these sources. Indeed, oil fuels until now have not met its rival. It still has the greatest impact to people and their welfare. Unlike coal and gas, storage is a challenge in managing

Right to Workin in the Development of Businesses and the Economy Assignment

Right to Workin in the Development of Businesses and the Economy - Assignment Example Upon its passage, twelve states adopted the right-to-work laws, and since then eleven states have proceeded to approve the laws in their legal systems. The latest state to adopt the legal provisions is Indiana, which had earlier reviewed its right-to-work laws in 1965. However, a fresh bill on the right-to-work legal requirement was made in 2012. This protracted struggle has exposed the opposing views on the subject of labor laws, with many analysts giving differing opinions on the subject. The history of the legislation and the gist behind its provisions can be dated back to the 19th century in France. In the years preceding the French revolution, Louis Blanc came up with the term right-to-work, at a time when the nation was facing staid problems in terms of unemployment and lack of freedom or good labor laws. These issues alongside other social difficulties were the subject of the French revolution, and the term was used in subsequent situations where workers demanded certain rights to be considered. The term gained prominence in the 20th century, when it was introduced as a legal proposition, discussed and passed in the United States (Chavez & Rustin, 2010, p. 92). This legal provision was timely in order to offer freedom and equality for all citizens to pursue and acquire employment opportunities equally, at a time when the existing professionals were placing constraints on aspiring candidates. Progressively, the labor laws under the right-to-work have been adopted by other states, which have drawn better terms of work by professionals and entrepreneurs. Those who advocate for the for the right-to-work mainly point of its provision that seeks to elaborate that the ban on union shops reduces the ability of the labor unions to control their workers and maintain their allegiance to the union. They argue that with this ban in place, it is evident that labor unions have reduced  powers to bargain with the employers, by raising their cost structures in a way that allows unscrupulous members to free riding (Chavez & Rustin, 2010, p. 102).  

Effects of Brand Image on Brand Loyalty in the Airline Industry Dissertation

Effects of Brand Image on Brand Loyalty in the Airline Industry - Dissertation Example People may understand branding in various ways. However, it is not enough to understand branding through having people in the target market choose your products as opposed to the competitors. But, branding, is usually meant for the prospects to get to find a product or service offered by a particular organization as the only one that can solve their problems, in the market. It is also important to encourage branding as it creates a stronger relationship between the organization and the customers. Branding acts as an assurance to the customers that the solution that an organization is providing to their problems is a kind of solution that will be there every time they need it. As a result, the customers need not worry so much about their problem. This simply shows that branding provides a consolation to the customers. Through a brand image, customers find a particular reason to feel part of the organization. Â  In the strategic positioning of organizations in the market environments, branding has become a very important factor to consider. This is because branding has come out as the main thing that an organization needs to work on to inform the public about their products and services so that they can enhance their reputation. In other words, branding can be considered to be advertising on its own. This is so because, through branding, it is like putting the name of the business in a vehicle that will take it to its destination. It can also be regarded as using an impressive letterhead to send an invoice. Branding also means using an attractive logo to send the image of a company in an attractive way. We can describe branding in various ways, just as we can say, it is like passing your business card to a client. Good branding usually attract referrals.

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 12

History - Essay Example However, as former peasant, he was still sympathetic to the plight of the poor and so he kept taxes low and the granaries stocked in order to be prepared to meet famine (MNSU, n.d). He also established military superiority over the civilians both as a means of control over the people and as a means of defense against the Mongols continually threatening its territories. Hongwu also sought to control all aspects of government and he was able to keep the social order through the military and through his rigid administrative process (MNSU, n.d). Based on their values, the Aztecs maintained a socially stratified society and the family were considered the most important unit in that society (Rodriguez, 1994). They also emphasized on women or girls learning feminine duties like cooking, cleaning, and sewing. They also valued personal discipline, respect for the law, diligence, honesty, and respect for others (Rodriguez, 1994). Ming China, on the other hand, valued change within tradition, one which was â€Å"stable but lacked dynamic development† (Reich & Cunningham, 2005, p. 374). This resulted to economic decline among the people as the rulers also became corrupt; they also faced growing unrest among the people who were highly inclined to participate in rebellion and banditry (Reich & Cunningham, 2005). On an economic plane, the Aztecs and Ming China more or less experienced flourishing economies during their era. The Aztecs mostly bartered their wares with each other through marketplaces which were bustling areas of economic exchange. The currencies used were mostly cacao beans and cotton capes and through these currencies, the Aztecs experienced economic progress (Microsoft Corporation, 1999). Economic progress was also seen in China during the Ming Dynasty through increased food supply on account of the agricultural revolution

Economic liberals argue that ecomonic exchange is a positive-sun game Essay

Economic liberals argue that ecomonic exchange is a positive-sun game - Essay Example These two explain the prevailing capitalistic economic exchange in opposing light. The former upholds the capitalistic ideal while the latter criticize it based on the argument that it such exchange is a breeding ground of exploitation and inequality. Although both of these schools have valid arguments, this paper will argue that the liberal point of view holds more legitimate positions than Marxism in explaining the economic exchange in the capitalist system. Free Market The fundamental features of a capitalist economy are right to private property, profit-motive, freedom of choice, market forces, and minimal role of government. It promotes individualism and is consisted of individual units like workers, people, capitalists, consumers and firms and that social forces determine the formation of a capitalist economy. A critical aspect of capitalism that is relevant to the subject of this investigation is the labor market. In this case, individuals play an important role in the exchang e of goods. First, they are incapable to produce what they need and what they consume. This is the reason why a highly specialized division of labor emerged so that people rely on others, particularly, the producers, in order to survive. Callero explained that when someone is looking for a job in a capitalist economy, that individual is engaging in a capitalistic exchange using his skill and abilities as a commodity to be traded for wage, which is necessary in the procurement of food, shelter, clothing and other goods (25). The labor market also collectively demonstrates the flow of goods in capitalism and depicts several capitalistic principles. If there is excess in the labor force, unemployment and low wage emerge as a result. The implication of this situation demonstrates two important points. First is that the unemployed or the labor force in general will be engaged in fierce competition for the scarce work and this is often characterized by enhancing competitive advantage (Tod orova 31). Finally, there is the profit motive characteristic wherein people engaging in the economic exchange, especially the producers, operate with profit and self-interest as their primary concern. Each individual, grouping and organization relegate concern for others or the society secondary to their own interests. At first glance, this appears cruel and unjust but economists argue that emphasizing profit is a driving force behind free market economies. It functions as a reward for people, entrepreneurs, and organizations who work hard, invest time and money, take risks and innovate. According to Mink, profit, which critics such as those coming from the Marxist school assails, is behind efficiency in production because it is behind – through competition – the efforts of economic actors to constantly innovate (125). The Marxist Criticism Karl Marx’s investigation of the late twentieth-century capitalism resulted in several important criticisms to the economi c system. But these criticisms are based on an important Marxist theory, the theory of exploitation and inequality. Here, an unequal exchange develops between workers and capitalists. Solimano explains: While the workers’ only asset is labor (in flow terms, â€Å"labor power†), capitalists are in advantageous position due to ownership of the productive capital that allows them to organize

3(S) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

3(S) - Essay Example sis, human resource management is a very important element in a business or public organization, as it will ensure that the organization under consideration has highly skilled and efficient employees. This in turn will make the organization to serve its customers in an efficient manner, leading to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the organization under consideration. The government of the United Arabs Emirates has realized on the importance of human resource management. In a bid for the government of the United Arab Emirates to decrease unemployment, and increase the efficiency of its work force, the government has come up with a series of policies aimed at addressing these issues (Werner and DeSimone, 2012). One such policy is the emiratisation of the country’s economy. The government of UAE developed this program, in order to train the citizens of the emirates to be highly competitive employees, and this is through the introduction of a good education system, and sponsoring seminars and trainings that focus on the abilities, skills, and competencies that are needed by employers in the Emirates (Yamamoto, 2013). The intention of this program is to recruit nationals who are in the private and public sector in a manner that is efficient and meaningful. Since the inception of this program, the public sector has made great steps in making this program a success. However, the private sector hasn’t made any progress, with statistic indicating that the citizens of UAE only occupy 0.5% of the total workforce in the private sector. Based on this background, the goal of this paper is to develop an efficient human resource strategy for the government of the UAE. This paper aims at achieving this goal by analyzing the various human resource strategies of the UAE, identifying their weaknesses and strengths. This paper mainly concerns itself with analyzing the emiratisation program of the UAE, and this is because it is the main human resource strategy of

McDonalds Marketing Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

McDonalds Marketing Communications - Essay Example We will be seeing how McDonalds reaches its way out to the customers, what strategies does McDonalds have in order to stand fast in the market against the competitors in the fast food retailers market. What is the importance of the marketing strategies to the McDonalds organization and how are they implemented in the real market to compete with the competitors. Introduction to McDonalds By many people, it is believed that McDonald is the food empire, which was founded because of sales representative from the location of Oak Park situated in Illinois. The name of the sales representative is mentioned in the history as Ray Kroc. Ross and Holland (2006) argue that some say that the foundation of McDonalds was laid down in the year of 1954, as Ray Kroc had heard of two brothers named as McDonalds. They had bought some mixers to work on their running burger business that was already gaining too much profits and success all around the area. Kroc was wondering as to what is the need of such a large number of the mixers for such a small business. Kroc set out for a journey to meet the McDonalds brothers. At the point where the brothers were running a quiet successful business, Kroc was astonished to see the management that the two brothers were having in feeding all the demanding customers with there burgers, French fries and the shakes for which the mixers were being used.

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 29

Strategic Management - Essay Example ividuals within a country’s population will have exactly the same characteristics, the cultural dimensions will colour the institutional and administrative arrangements that are made within the country, and will set the norms for behaviour.† Using your understanding of Whittington’s (2000) ‘Systemic School of Thought’, critically evaluate the implications of these cultural dimensions for international strategic managers at KFC in building productive relationships with the outside world. The performance of each industry in the global market is depended on a series of factors. There are industries where competition is extremely high and where the exposure to risks can be significant. Using strategic tools and techniques can help managers to control risks for their organization even if market pressures are strong. KFC is an important competitor in the global fast food industry. The firm is owned by Yum! Brands, one of the strongest rivals of the above industry. Managers in KFC have tried to use the continuous expansion as a strategy for securing organizational growth. This practice has been proved effective, at least up to now. From 2013 onwards, changes should be made in regard to the strategic planning process used in KFC. The use of well known frameworks, such as Whittington’s ‘Evolutionary’ and ‘Systemic’ Schools of Thought could help the organization to increase the effectiveness of its strategies and to strengthen its market posi tion. a) In the context of the process of strategic thinking and strategy formation, outline what SWOT and Porter’s Value Chain techniques are, and explain their practical relevance to strategic planners at Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) Corporation. In order to develop effective strategies managers in modern organizations use a variety of tools. Each of these tools responds to specific needs of organizations in terms of strategic thinking and strategy formation. In any case, it has been proved that firms of all

Communication and crisis Essay Example for Free

Communication and crisis Essay The paper focuses on essential communication in the community crisis situation described in the provided scenario. The paper includes the following: The individuals or groups that will be communicating inside and outside the organization during this crisis situation Potential advantages and challenges associated with communicating within the organization and with the public and private sectors during this crisis situation Differences in communication processes used in crisis situations, including what you learned from the situations in the scenario and how you might incorporate that knowledge to improve health care communication strategies Appropriate technology, such as social media, affecting communication during the crisis situation and how these technologies may be used to enhance communication How technology might be used differently now than it was during the crisis situations described in the scenario Media opportunities during this management crisis The paper cites a minimum of three sources, one from the University Library and another from the course textbooks or Electronic Reserve Readings, to support the paper’s position. Additional Comments: The paper—including the title page, reference page, tables, and any appendices—is consistent with APA guidelines as directed by the facilitator. The paper is laid out with effective use of headings, font styles, and white space. Rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are followed; spelling is correct.

The 1951 Refugee Convention

The 1951 Refugee Convention The 1951 Refugee Convention It is important to know that the UK is one of the signatories to the 1951 refugee convention therefore; when a person asks for asylum in the UK there are in fact asking the authorities to recognise them as a refugee under the 1951 UN refugee convention and they will qualify for protection under the refugee convention if they have a well founded fear of persecution or they may claim under Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights (or both), Article 3 of The European Convention on Human Rights stats that No one shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment It is important to consider that the UK has responsibility to provide them with accommodation and financial supports because UK is on one of the signatories to the 1951 refugee convention and European Convention on Human Rights. Now a day the majority of debates are against asylum seekers /refugees with some arguments in favour of them. First of all press and politicians are making a negative view on public opinion regarding asylum issue in the UK by inaccurate and offensive use of language to describe asylum seekers, People have little trust in the asylum system, believing it to be out of control, too generous to asylum seekers, and ineffective at removing refused asylum seekers.(Hobson, Cox, Sagovsky, 2008, P.17), When you listen to press or politicians you probably have the impression that the UK is invaded by asylum seekers (See image 1) Headline published in daily Express on 17 December 2002, they should use an accurate terminology when speaking about asylum seekers and immigration, The debate is not concerned with weather asylum is a problem, but how best to tackle it. (Brendon 2003) But the question is; Are asylum seekers really invaded the UK! There are many arguments against asylum seekers and refugees For example: Not genuine refugee, This argument is based on that the majority of asylum seekers are immigrant workers and they are here to steal our jobs but the truth is if they are skilful immigrant workers or unskilful, are likely to take jobs unwanted by the UK population and are willing to work without depending on welfare benefits then they will contribute positively to the UK economy as the UK desperately needs young and skilful workers. They are here for our benefits:Government research then shows that the foreign-born population contributes around ten per cent more to government revenues than they receive in benefits.1 Asylum seekers cannot able to claim welfare benefits and they only get financial support from the central government, most asylum seekers are living in poverty; Single asylum seekers in the UK have to survive on  £42.16 a week while couples without children receive  £66.13 a week. But when they get refugee status or leave to remain in the UK they can claim benefits and most of them are of working age with qualifications and skills. In the short term they might receive support, but in the longer term, most wish to find a job and do not want to live on the UK benefits. Those seeking asylum tend to be aged at least 20 years old, and hence are of working age the moment they start to interact with the welfare state. Contrast this to somebody born in the UK who will spend at least the first 18 years of their life scrounging off the state (in the form of a free education system and various financial child benefits) and it is clear that, over the course of a lifetime, it is much more likely that a successful asylum seeker will end up in credit with the welfare state than the life-long UK citizen. So the welfare argument fails.(Brendon (2003) Crime and Terrorism: It may be true that the crime figures are higher amongst asylum seekers but simple reason behind this is forbidden them to work, most asylum seekers are living in poverty, they get low level of support whilst claming asylum, they only need work permission to contribute positively to the UK economy as the UK desperately needs young workers. Too many foreigners: Some believe Britain is turning to a foreign land but the true is the UK is home to just 3.2% of nearly 9.2 million refugees world wide, in the other words what is wrong with people liking the UK even asylum seekers and refugees broaden and diversify our culture. Tighten the Rules Against Them: Some believe that the government should tighten the immigration rules in order to restrict the number being allowed into the UK, but the best way of reducing the number of asylum seekers in the long term is to reduce numbers of people forced to flee around the world by preventing and resolving conflict and promoting respect for human rights.

Overpopulation :: Papers

Overpopulation The twentieth century has drawn to a close and civilization faces the dilemma of supporting an overpopulated world. Throughout time, mankind has lived as though there were no consequences for his actions. But now, as people of the future, we see what is happening to the world we live in. Despite our knowledge, these straightforward problems are still being ignored. Our actions in the past have dictated the present, and our actions now will determine our future, and generations to come. We caused the overpopulation problems we are now facing; so we must also be the ones to solve the problems. The link between population growth and environmental impact seems obvious. More people, consume more resources, damage more of the earth, and generate more waste. In the book Earth Odyssey, by Mark Hertzgaard, he quoted Paul Ehrlich’s statement, â€Å"The United States is the most overp opulated country in the world† (197). Today’s children are likely to see a tripling of the global population within their lifetimes unless, solutions emerge decreasing population growth. Hertzgaard points out â€Å"the world’s population will stabilize at much less than eight billion people, and an eventual total of ten or twelve billion is quite possible† (220). We must take action to save our planet. One crisis the earth and its inhabitants fear today is lack of resources due to the increasing number of people. Justifications for our path of destruction are; destroy trees for more farmland; excessive consumption of food sources by over harvesting and overgrazing causing barren wastelands; continued use of fossil fuels and chemicals needed for transportation, creation of electricity, and heating our homes; and more people means more homes will be built again forests and natural habitats of animals.

Free Affirmative Action Essays - Im White, Angry, and Against Affirmative Action :: affirmative action argumentative persuasive

I'm White, Angry, and Against Affirmative Action      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Papers are piling up on top of a desk.   People are running around trying to meet their deadlines.   Assignments are being pushed back to later dates.   Phones are being answered, but put on hold for the next available representatives.   The president of the firm puts out a notice of hire.   The word is spread throughout the business community through the newspaper and the internet.   Resumes are received every business day.   The board members of the firm review hundreds of resumes that are received daily.   They rate the applications according to qualifications and experiences.   The names are disregarded at this point.   A dozen of the applicants are chosen, and notified to setup initial interviews.   One applicant meets all the qualifications, and has had numerous experiences in the field.   This applicant clearly surpasses all the other applicants.   The commitee is very impressed by this young man.   He heads home in delight, hoping to hear from the marketing firm again.   Unfortunately, he never hears from   them again.   The main reason why   he was not chosen, was because of the color of his skin.   Since he is Asian, they could not hire him, because 50% of their employees are Asian.   Under the affirmative action, they must employ someone who is underrepresented.   This type of situation happens often.   It is not the qualifications, but the color of the skin that employers look for today.   Affirmative action is a step backwards.   We are back to color and race differences.   We are all Americans and should be treated as so, not what ethnicity we are.   Affirmative action should be abolished solely because we do not want to make the same mistake our society made in the past --- discriminate according to color.   Two wrongs do not make a right.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many people say that we should keep affirmative action to render fairness to the minorities because of the wrongs that was once put on to them.   This simply does not make sense.   To compensate someone, a person must have gone through an experience.   People today did not go through such discrimination, as their past ancestors.   How can we punish someone for what they had no control?   Our white society today did not commit the

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Essay example -- Health, Medici

Introduction In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in complementary medicine, and indeed alternative medicine (Lee-Treweek 2002, Andrews 2004, Barry 2006). Moreover the number of professionally trained therapist and practitioners has increased giving the patient/client a better choice and at more competitive rates (Smallwood, 2005). In this essay a critical assessment of the view that ‘patients use of complementary and alternative medicine, can be understood as part of the individualisation of responsibility for health’ will be made and argued, that there are many aspects which influence the uptake of such therapies. Responsibility for health has changed and this will be discussed by examples of sociological theories. Medical sociologists have been previously concerned with illness rather than health. Functionalists such as Parsons (1951) suggested illness was a deviance and had the effect of disruption on society which had to be controlled. He used the sick note to illustrate that the sick person was excused from performing normally, but this had to be kept to a minimum and the sick person had to want to get better. The function of the medical profession was to socially control the use of the sick note to those genuinely sick (Webb, Westergaard, 2004). However in today society the working pers on aims to keep working during some illnesses or at least limit the time spent away from work. To do this it involves taking some responsibility for keeping healthy and reducing the time actually being ill. Therefore by choosing to use CAM and alternative medicine, it could provide an additional method which may combat illness and help speed up recovery (Lett, 2000). 08015960 Possible reasons why patient/clie... ...t approach of dictating the direction the Nation Health Service should follow. This caused a vast change in how services were delivered, with cost influencing many decisions. Clinical governance emerged in the late 1990’s when New Labour took power, and evidence based practise became the norm. Netteleton (2010) likens clinical governance to Foucault’s term of ‘governmentality’ whereby collective objectives are kept in check. Evidence- based practise is an aspect that has been the most difficult for CAM and alternative practises to combine with, as measuring and gathering quality evidence is difficult to obtain. The integration into conventional health care will depend upon finding a balance between the two disciplines. However if individualism proves to favour CAM and alternative methods then social pressure may yield quicker than the academic struggle.

Disparities in Healthcare

Discrimination is a very large factor of there being a gap between the two groups and his study is important because practitioners need to recognize the problems that it creates. Ethnic minorities are discriminated against for many reasons such as poor socioeconomics status, poor neighborhood environments, and Just poor health choices. These can lead to practitioners' discrimination of ethnic minorities. â€Å"Overall, racial/ethnic minorities receive poorer quality health care than do Whites in the United Fiske, 2012).My hypothesis Is that ethnic minorities are discriminated in a way that they receive worse healthcare than Caucasians. The sign of this study is a sample design and not an experimental design because I pulled Information that Involved the entire United States. An experimental design Is the design of any information gathering where variation is present. Variance Is a measure of how far the set of numbers in a study is spread out. For this purpose, and the overall lower cost and efficiency, this study would overall incur a lower cost and data can be collected much faster than an experimental design.To prove that ethnic minorities are discriminated against more than Caucasians, I will pull much of y data from different studies that all come to the same conclusion. This study will Include a large sample size, the united States, so there Is a lot of equipment that needs to be provided for the research to be conducted. This Is a sampling design study that will use a lot of different equipment. Equipment such as computers, pads, calculators, notebooks, and software for computers are essential because they will aid the researchers immensely.If researchers are to stay in one place over a long period of time, storage may also be needed to store Items in. Besides equipment, money will also be needed for the purpose of travel. Locations where researchers can gather will be needed, along with transportation needs. Transportation needs can include plane trave l, vehicle rental, and reimbursement of gas. Living expenses such as food and hotel or motel would also be covered. Because this study looks at other resources of information to come to a final conclusion, medical examination of patients is not needed and therefore medical equipment Is exempt.This study Is considered a retrospective, or case controlled, study because It gathered through examination of records, interviews, and so on. A case controlled duty is defined as a type of retrospective, epidemiological, clinical study design. It involves two or more different groups with different outcomes. These groups are observed in the medical field usually to determine the outcome of a specific condition or disease. The two groups that are being looked at in this study are Caucasians and ethnic minorities. There are many techniques and procedures that come into play for this study.I used the process of data mining. Data mining is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and summarizing it into useful information. Data mining is the most useful technique in acquiring the data we need for this certain study and will overall increase the efficiency of gathering data. Pulling from credible sources in research papers and gathering from many different polls will overall be very helpful for the study. Gathering The ethnic minority population is slowly gaining on the Caucasian population.These populations are more spread out in the United States. According to the 2011 U. S. Census, the ethnic populations are as such: Hispanics, 52 million; African Americans, 43. 9 million; Asian Americans, 10 million; American Indians, 2. Million. These numbers increase every year and the percent of Caucasians living in the United States starts to even out compared with minorities. In 2000, the white population made up approximately 70 percent of the total population(CDC, 2000), but now only make up 63. 4 percent.The gap that divides the unique group of ethnic minorities a nd Caucasians has many factors There are many factors to consider when looking at the gap between Caucasian and minorities. There is a â€Å"disproportionate prevalence on less health lifestyles, low socioeconomic status, resource-poor neighborhood environments, and poorer access o care†(Shavers, et al. , 2012) for ethnic minorities. These factors lead to far more cases of cancer, obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and chronic diseases in general. Minorities are discriminated because of these factors and it can impact their healthcare.Racial discrimination is defined as discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another race. Healthcare practitioners who discriminate create unneeded stress among patients and create unhealthy environments. This awful treatment of patients can spill into other aspects of the patient's life, and can lead to ore individuals smoking due to the psychological distress associated with such treatment(Purcell, et al. , 2012). To put discrimin ation in perspective, nearly two- thirds of one study â€Å"perceived discrimination in their interactions with health care providers based on race†¦ ND 58. 9% based on their socioeconomic status†(N. A. , 2001). Minorities who are discriminated against may not obtain the proper healthcare that they deserve and according to Dovish and Fiske, bias among healthcare providers exerts independent influence(2012). My hypothesis was that ethnic minorities are discriminated in a way that they chive worse healthcare than Caucasians. After pulling from many studies, the hypothesis seems to be validated, and that ethnic minorities are affected through discrimination in many different ways.Socioeconomic, health choices, and poor living conditions are only a few of the factors that make healthcare professionals discriminate against minorities. There is a certain design that was needed to guide information that involved the entire United States. This study would incur a lower cost and data can be collected much faster than an experimental design. Many efferent tools and equipment would be needed, such as computers, software, and pads, to name a few. After concluding on the hypothesis, there needs to be a call for something to be done.With 52 million Hispanics, 44 million African Americans, 10 million Asian Americans, and 3 million American Indians, discrimination can lead to many problems. Stress occurs in many individuals as a result from healthcare professionals discriminating against their patients. This unneeded stress puts the body through more harm and can cause a patient to experience more problems. With healthcare being a hot topic for discussion in today's society, it's difficult to see the affects that discrimination has on the healthcare industry.

Barriers to learning Essay

As part of the president’s initiative to remove â€Å"barriers to learning† at a regional midwestern university, an analysis of student services operations was conducted. The analysis revealed that the barriers deemed most important by students were those that would delay or prevent them from registering for classes. These barriers fell into three areas (Blanchard, 2010): 1) Resolving issues relating to fines accrued over the previous terms (e.g., library, parking, late fees) 2) Completing forms accurately and meeting processing deadlines for financial aid in time to enroll in classes. 3) Acquiring appropriate advice so that they enrolled in the right classes (avoiding the problems associated with drops and adds) Questions and Answers 1) What are the training objectives for the CSS training program? Indicate how these objectives are tied to the KSA requirements. Assume that all trainees have college degrees but need KSAs in all other areas listed in the Qualifications section. The training objectives should be as follows: Should be able to establish supervisory skills, the computer skills required are spreadsheet applications and word processing. Should be able to correspond completely with others, conflict management, and solving problems. These objectives would be bound together due to trainees needing all these requirements to receive supervision, as well as the skill to supervise. The training would be to establish all of these skills. 2) On the basis of the training objectives, provide a training agenda and indicate the time allocated and order of modules in your program. Writing, reading, and interpretation skills should be 3 weeks, computer skills should be 4 weeks, communication skills should be 2 weeks, having knowledge of the university should be 3 weeks, and supervisory skills should be 4 weeks. 3) For each module, describe the goals of the module and the training methods you will use to accomplish it. Provide your rationale. The goal for writing, reading, and interpretation skills would be to help trainees understand how to write memos, notices, and letters, read to clarify instructions, manuals, and policies. The computing skills goal would be to help trainees learn what the university is using and how to use them. Trainees need to be able to use the file management system that the school has to offer. Having this system for computer demonstration, for practice sessions and in the classrooms. The communication skills will help to enable the trainees to be able to communicate complicated policies. Training methods would be laboratory and workshops. Knowledge of the university training session will help the trainees master the university policies, federal and state laws (having to do with the university). Supervisory skills will help trainees to accept supervision from the a dministrator of a department and supervise customer service representatives. 4) How will you evaluate whether each person in your training program has mastered the knowledge and skill levels needed to perform as a CSS? Describe the types of questions you would ask of those supervising the CSS employees graduating from your program. I would survey each person with exams, quizzes and interviews. The questions that I would the supervisors of who is supervising the CSS employees graduating from the program would have to go with the responsibilities along with the authority the employees will be given. If there happens to be a space in between their training and job responsibilities that has been displayed, then there can be disorganization.

Coming of John WEB Dubois Analysis Essay

The veil is symbolic of ignorance. John was oppressed but didn’t know it. After returning home from the north he sees his world like he never saw it before, and his old world sees how much he’s changed. This is evident with this narration â€Å"He grew slowly to feel almost for the first time the Veil that lay between him and the white world; he first noticed now the oppression that had not seemed oppression before, differences that erstwhile seemed natural, restraints and slights that in his boyhood days had gone unnoticed or been greeted with a laugh. He felt angry now when men did not call him â€Å"Mister,† he clenched his hands at the â€Å"Jim Crow† cars, and chafed at the color-line that hemmed in him and his. † His new consciousness and level of knowledge allows him a certain regard of freedom from the rest of his race. This knowledge is indicative that he no longer identifies with his old traditions. This is evident when after returning home he gives a speech at the church in which he talks of the importance of education and learning, this idea is foreign to the people he is preaching to, however he did strike a critical nerve with the people after denouncing the need for baptism and religion. However some of the people see this and want to be educated, but are not in an environment and not cultured to do so. This is evident when her sister came to him after he was finished speaking at the church. â€Å"Long they stood together, peering over the gray unresting water. John,† she said, â€Å"does it make everyone—unhappy when they study and learn lots of things? † He paused and smiled. â€Å"I am afraid it does,† he said. â€Å"And, John, are you glad you studied? † â€Å"Yes,† came the answer, slowly but positively. She watched the flickering lights upon the sea, and said thoughtfully, â€Å"I wish I was unhappy, —and—and,† putting both arms about his neck, â€Å"I think I am, a little, John. † Being unhappy in this context means being wise, she recognizes that her brother has become educated and wise to the oppression of her race. All of this comes to a head in his conflict with the judge after informing him of his purpose and his place. After this meeting the term veil is used in a different context, this time to mean as a shield, he is hiding his contempt and true feelings for the town that he no longer feels connected and identified with, and also tyranny the judge advances after first informing him of his â€Å"place† and the â€Å"place† of his people, and how he would be allowed to start his school, but no real education or equality could be taught. John’s school is his symbolic â€Å"passing the rubicon†. Which leads ultimately leads to his final frustration of his school being shut down after the Judge hears of him deliberately disobeying his orders not to give a real education there. This story is a perfect case for why education is ultimately the most important factor in achieving ultimate equality and freedom. Without education, there is no advancement and no need for critical thought, without critical thought than there would be no reason for you to ever question your oppressed position, because you would not know you are being oppressed. I believe Thomas Jefferson sums up this sentiment perfectly, when he said, â€Å"Educate and inform the whole mass of the people†¦ They are the only sure reliance for the preservation of our liberty. † Without people knowing that there is alternatives to their current state of existence, there will be those who will fool them and rule over them, often under the guises of offering safety of security, or in the case of the judge, â€Å"reasonable aspirations†.

Liberty in America from 1865 to 1941

Liberty is not just a wonderful thing. It is a rare thing. As much as we would like to wish otherwise there is far more tyranny in the world as opposed to liberty. Throughout history, there have been tyrannical monarchies and totalitarian regimes that impose their will on the populace. Actually, one does not even have to look into the historical past for examples as there are many nations this very day where tyranny rules. Those who live in the United States, however, can at least lay claim to living in one of the freest nations on earth. This is because the United States has built itself upon the concept of liberty, democracy and freedom. While there have been dark patches in American history, many of those dark periods have been overcome. One of the more interesting periods in the nation's history in terms of exploring liberty progression and regression would be during the time period from the end of the Civil War to just prior to American involvement in World War Two. During the Reconstruction Era, a tremendous amount of liberty was provided to African-Americans as freedom from slavery had arrived. Sadly, there was not much in the way of racial equality brought forth during this time period and many point to the apartheid like environment southern blacks had to endure. However, there was also the period of the Great Migration where many African-Americans moved north during World War One to take advantage of ob opportunities and a better living environment. No one impeded the migration as the liberty of being able to seek a better life was afforded. In addition, the liberties of the United States were afforded to people who lived outside the United States. This is evidenced in the significant immigration waves to the USA from Europe. These waves occurred throughout the late 19th century and early 20th century and all those who arrived were provided all the freedoms of the United States as well as being afforded the opportunity to take part in the democratic process. In addition to voting in the United States, many of these immigrants would go one to become major political figures. In fact, within a short number of decades many immigrants and African-Americans would become mayors of major cities. While liberty was not expanded quickly, it did expand and crossed all racial, gender and ethnic lines. Of course, at various times in American history there have been a number of challenges to liberty. Under President Woodrow Wilson, there were a number of famous assaults on the concept of liberty. This was most notable in Wilson's Sedition Act which essentially imposed the totalitarian concept of the â€Å"enemy of the state† on people who opposed Wilson's war policies. However, the way in which these procedures were enacted were so severe there is no way one could argue that these were sane policies. These laws arbitrarily targeted large numbers of the population and were quite random in their enforcement.. Thankfully, with the end of Wilson's tenure such practices would cease to occur with the exception of the Japanese internment during World War Two. The reason this aberration is pointed out is because it is an aberration. Such extreme methods are not the general practice of the United States as it remains a reliable beacon of liberty where such liberties are provided for all. Yes, there are stumbling blocks to liberties now and then but ultimately the United States remains the freest nation of earth and one that cherishes its freedoms.            

Cause and Effect Essay

CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY Outline: Thesis statement: Too serious to face this life is the most bad habit that people do in this life lately, which has many effects on their self. I. Can not feel relax A. Always negative thinking B. Be pessimistical C. Depressed II. Have many problems A. Tend to be alone B. No interaction with other C. Hate the society III. Dissapointed A. Broken heart B. Lost hopes C. Commit suicide ESSAY SOME BAD EFFECTS TOO SERIOUS TO FACE THIS LIFE Stress is a mentally or emotionally bad condition occuring because of difficult pressures.Many people especially who lived in a big city suffer everyday from stress and its effects. Day to day the amount of people that feel stress increase significantly, perhaps its because the condition that getting worst. However, too serious to face this life which is being stress has some bad effects especially effects to psycholigical condition. The first psychological effect of being stress is can not feel relax. The people who feel stress will always feel uncomfort with anything in their life. They will feel nerveous with no obvious reason.Second is they will feel have many problems. It happens because they always negative thinking so that everything that they do will seem so hard. The third is they will dissaponted. They will feel that their life is over because too many failure. It happens because they always be pessimistical. So stress can give so many bad effects for the people who feel it. Besides those psychological effects, stress also causes another psychological effects. One of the effect is the development of feel have many problems.They also tend to be alone, have no interaction with other and the worst effect is they will hate society. They tend to be alone because they feel there is no benefit of sharing to other and it makes them do not want to have an interaction with other. As a result they will hate the society. Another effect that related to the effect of dissapointed are they will feel broke n heart, lost their hopes and commit suicide. They feel broken heart because too many failure happen in their life, its also make them lost their hopes.Finally, because of those bad effects they will commit suicide. It is so ironic. In short, stress make some bad effects in our life like always feel uncomfort with anything, have many problems in their life and feel dissapointed with the condition. So we can manage our stress with not do the things like those what i mentioned in the beggining, its helpfull to avoiding stress. Color information: = general statement = thesis statement = transitional words = topic sentence = conclusion

Islamic and christian perspective on computer science Essay

Islamic and christian perspective on computer science - Essay Example It is from such beliefs that people various perspectives emerge, all shaped by the specific dogmas of the time. As such, one would expect that at any particular time, it is highly likely that various perspectives will root out from various religious beliefs. For the purposes of this paper, the paper shall research and analyze Islamic and Christian perspectives on computer science. My major is computer science. It encompasses the study of software and hardware development and management to meet societal needs. While studying computer science, we also study contemporary issues around computer science such as religious perspectives on computer science. Under religion, a unit in computer science, we also study philosophy, critical theory and psychology. Given the interdisciplinary approach my university adopts, the course on religion is also designed to teach on various religious beliefs held by various societies that practice such religions. This assists one to be able to interact cordi ally with others as a computer scientist in a dynamic world. The goals of the major are to prepare one to be in a position understand the dynamism that exists in the society. Apart from instilling skills and technical know-how, the course also prepares one to embrace the concept of diversity and be prepared to accept others without any discrimination based on their religious beliefs. It is also apparent that the course prepares one to function properly in the current global village where various cultures, values and practices are increasingly becoming evidenced in the work place. Islamic Perspective on Computer Science One may observe that Islamic perspective on computer science is one that

Kant vs. Mill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Kant vs. Mill - Essay Example In other words, he says that one must act in a manner that one would expect others to act towards oneself. This Kantian ethical theory is popular because it is widely respected and consequently upheld by others. Mills’ ‘greatest happiness principle’ widely known as utilitarianism is fundamentally focused on the consequences of actions taken. He believed in the philosophy that actions, which result in maximum happiness for maximum number of people, are invariable good and therefore, the end justifies the means if it generates happiness for people. Popularised as act utilitarian theory, the actions, that are designed to benefit or have beneficial cascading effects on others, are morally and ethically right. Bentham propagates Mills’ theory and says ‘when choosing a course of action, one should always pick the one that will maximize happiness and minimize unhappiness for the greatest number of people’ (Bentham from Rosenstand p.176). I agree with Kant that trash should not be thrown out of the car window on the freeway primarily because Kant is quite vociferous on the issue that respect for others must become part of our actions and people must act appropriately. Throwing trash not only promotes the bad habit of scattering trash all over the place, even if it is a freeway, but it also violates the law of the state that encourages cleanliness, good habits amongst the citizens and ensures safety of other road users. Despite being a freeway, the people must ensure that their acts do not hurt the other people and throwing trash out of the window could inadvertently hurt people who could be passing by. Mills response to the issue is ridiculous because although cleaning lanes does provide employment to a segment of the people but at the same time, deliberately throwing trash would hurt the sensibilities of a lot more people! It must be understood that people are living within a defined parameters of a social framework. Hence, well being of

Week 10 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Week 10 - Assignment Example Urinary tract infections are the most common illnesses among children. The condition causes distress to the child owing to the negative symptoms. If not treated, urinary tract infections can result to permanent kidney damage (Fisher et al., 2015). Normally, urinary tract infections develop when the pathogens present in the urine, and those which have colonized the periurethral region ascend into the bladder through the urethra. From the bladder, the pathogens can spread further up into the kidneys and sometimes into the bloodstream. Some of the factors that may facilitate entry of bacteria into the bladder include voiding dysfunction, catheterization, sexual intercourse and genital manipulation (Fisher et al., 2015). Poor hygiene can also predispose one to urinary tract infections. Based on the case study, the patient may be having the recurrent infections due to poor hygiene. She uses the same bedroom with her younger siblings, and hygiene may be questionable in such a situation. More information should be gathered on her sexual experiences to determine if she was molested or sexually abused. The fact that she has had three consequent infections in the past six months also raises the need to investigate the situation further. The recurrent infection may also point to mis-diagnosis by the health professionals who previously evaluated her. As a result, she will be required to present documentation on her past illness to enable the physicians determine the correct plan of action. Also, it has been shown that uropathogenic Escherichia coli is linked to recurrent and persistent urinary tract infections (Tapiainen et al., 2011). Lab tests: Urine samples will be required for lab testing to determine the pathogen causing the infection, and the appropriate choice of medication. Escherichia coli is a causative agent, accounting for a large majority of urinary tract infections in children (Albert et

Behavioural Finance in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Behavioural Finance in Business - Essay Example Tapping telephone calls, monitoring computer and internet usage, and screening e-mails are some of the common employee surveillance practices. This paper will critically discuss the influence of workplace surveillance on managing people at work from the perspectives of both employers and employees. The paper will particularly focus on three relevant issues such as performance management, employee privacy, and use of information technology. Performance management Productive performance management is the ultimate goal of workplace surveillance programs. In order to effectively manage workplace or employee performance, it is necessary to measure employee performance levels frequently. Management professionals claim that surveys or other studies may not be an effective way to measure employees’ work performance and productivity. Furthermore, workplace surveillance is the only potential mechanism in today’s business environment as it is an impossible task for line managers a nd other executives to monitor each employee separately. Therefore, a vast majority of management experts strongly support the use of electronic surveillance techniques in the workplace. According to the 2007 Electronic Monitoring & Surveillance Survey conducted by the American Management Association (AMA 2007), nearly 45% of business organizations monitor their employees’ computer, internet, and phone usage. The survey also indicates that a notable percent of employees were terminated for offensive language; excessive personal use of company properties; viewing, downloading, uploading offensive content; and breach of the firm’s confidential rules (ibid). These survey results support the top managements’ argument that workplace surveillance must be in operation to improve value chain efficiency and overall organizational productivity. From an employer’s perspective, the workplace surveillance system would put a moral check on employees and hence they may become more productive. In addition, if there is a workplace system in operation, employees would be conscious of future consequences in case of any workplace misconduct.  

Supernatural literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Supernatural literature - Essay Example The author of the fantastic literature of subversion, Rosemary Jackson, depicts and explores the use of the transcendentalist approach, theoretical perspectives, and assumptions as the basis of supernatural literature (Marcus, 2006). Supernatural literature involves the tracing of the hidden truths, the unsaid and the unseen of culture that lie unnoticed by the law, and the dominant value system. The reversal of this perspective exposes a situation whereby there is a sudden change in the dominant value system. The marginalized groups take the center stage in the dominant value system, with whatever that was central to the dominant system thrust aside. Supernatural texts tend to reveal the contents of the dominant system and its values, in the perspective of the marginalized (Friesen, 2010). Supernatural literature involves a comprehensive account of debates on the Marxist aesthetics, and proposes that Marxism is the lone major sociological tradition, and that sociology has failed to theorize the phenomenon of art. This argues out on the purpose of Marxism, and the perception on socialism and capitalism. Rosemary explores on the casual connection between the real world and the theories. There is the question of realism, in the perception of knowledge and the scientific inquiry in the real world. Fantasy is both theoretical and descriptive, i.e. comprehensive and scholarly, account of the literature of the literature of the fantastic, and a polemic calling for its recognition as a potentially subversive literature (Zipes, 2011). Supernatural literature explores the characteristic themes of fantasy, i.e. transformations or changes, invisibility, doubles and disappearances. Rosemary Jackson’s Fantasy: The literature of subversion explores questions and interrogates the relationships between reality and unreality, self or not self and conscious and unconscious. This is on the basis of the reversed perspective. The silenced in a

International economics ECON-370 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International economics ECON-370 - Assignment Example By definition, intra-industry trade arises when a country imports and exports related types of goods or services simultaneously. Considering two countries as an example, Germany and France, if Germany exports cars to France and simultaneously imports cars from England, then intra-industry trade occurs. (b). When the US imports the labor-intensive parts and not finished goods and exports the capital-intensive finished cars, then this would be a clear indication of intra-industry trade whereby the country will be acting simultaneously in the imports and exports of the same product. This scenario is similar to that of the example of Germany discussed in part (a) above. The finding that imports are labor intensive means that most individuals won’t be employed in the US as the imported goods come when they are already near finish. Nothing much is done on them. Capital intensive exports on the other hand means that we send a lot of employment opportunities outside of the country hen ce we create jobs outside and not inside the US. In my view, such a situation due to trade will lead to job displacement. 2. (a). A country is capital-abundant if its endowment of capital is more compared to other †¦. ... labor-intensive because its price in the labor-abundant country will lead to a bid price that is lower relatively to the price of that good in the country. Therefore, a capital-abundant country will export the capital-intensive good because its capital endowment is large compared to other countries, and the labor-abundant country will export the labor-intensive good. From this illustration, US is the capital-intensive country while EA are labor-intensive. US has less workers as compared to EA. This is in line with promoting trade between countries. (b). (c). In Stopper-Samuealson is’s a heory states that a â€Å"rise in the comparative price of a good raises the relative price of the factor used intensively in its production. Opening trade between countries will increase the award to the abundant factor and lower the reward of the scarce factor.this theory clarifies one reason for the controversy about free trade (Krugman et al 75). The US is expected to be the loser as this theory advocates that the relative factor endowments ; creating incentives for owners, nothing ever happened to support free trade. The EA on the other hand, are expected to gain since they are labor-intensive. On the other hand, since production of each good involves using different proportions for individual. Changing output combination altrers relative demand for the goods produced in both countries. Trade liberalization of trade leads to more inequality. (d), when there is no free trade and labor can migrate fully, from one country to another. at intra-industry Trade, the simultaneous import and export of goods for trade. Migration of workers is based on whether a country is capital –intensive or capital extensive. If capital intensive then workers will migrate from it to the labor intensive

Dissertation Module Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dissertation Module - Essay Example The most innovative work since the early 1990s, however, has been the development of understanding and elaboration of cognitive therapy approaches to the treatment of psychoses in urban and rural geographical regions. Thus, the interdisciplinary research occurs in the minds of the authors as well as in their interaction with each other. In this instance, the research, theory-building and clinical applications are a synthesis of individual and group effort. It is often difficult to know which comes first: theory, therapy or research. Theory serves as a roadmap for the clinician and informs the researcher regarding the important areas for investigation. On the other hand, the clinical works provides the data that generate the formulation of the theory and the ideas for research. Finally, research not only validates (or invalidates) the clinical and theoretical propositions but also provides new guidelines for therapy and ideas for theory building. The research will draw on the blend of theory, research and practice in developing the corpus of knowledge, formulating the basic assumptions, and adapting and refining appropriate strategies for the treatment of psychoses in urban and rural geographical regions. ... the corpus of knowledge, formulating the basic assumptions, and adapting and refining appropriate strategies for the treatment of psychoses in urban and rural geographical regions. The result will be a landmark in the evolution of cognitive therapy for psychoses. 8. Provide a brief outline of the research problem For centuries, it has been debated that the inordinateness of psychoses found in geographically urban areas (including city centres) is the consequence of social drift. Social drift is described as the resettlement of the populace suffering from various psychoses to the urban areas from outlying or rural geographical regions. The term psychosis includes disorders such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizophreniform disorders, affective disorders where psychosis is present (e.g. in depression, mania, bipolar affective disorder) and delusional disorders. More recent research has shown, however, that there is an increased risk of psychosis within individuals born into an urban than rural areas (Warner, date, Jablensky, 1992). What is the causal agency for the increased risk of psychosis Is this due to increased rates of difficult births or obstetric complications, sunlight deprivation, environmental disturbances, ozone depletion or excesses of toxins Or, is there some other facto r yet to be studied An explanation of this phenomenon would contribute to our understanding of the causes of psychoses. 9. Provide a brief outline of the selected methodology and/or methods Here approach of this research is based on content analysis of previously conducted researches and studies. The data of our research will be based on previously conducted researches as mentioned above. In the data-gathering phase, the researcher will go through reading many studies of